You will probably change jobs more than once during the course of your career. You may change jobs of your own volition, or you may be subject to the vagaries of today’s business economy. Companies merge and reduce their work force. New technologies develop that eliminate whole segments of the work force. Job security is no longer a corporate benefit. The only security you can rely on must be self-generated. The ability to write an effective résumé and application letter is essential. You also need to project a strong, positive image in an interview situation.
The followings suggestions and examples will focus on helping you improve your skills at getting a job.
人的一生也许会不止一次地换工作，这或许出自个人意愿；或许迫于当今贸易经济的变幻莫测；像企业兼并，裁减劳力，新技术应运而生，全部实行自动化等。任何工作保障都不再是铁饭碗，唯一的保障是靠自我创造的。具备写好履历书和谋职信的能力事关重大，同时还要把握住面试过程中自我形象充分得体的展示。以下提议和范文将助以一臂之力。
The Résumé
The résumé，sometimes called the data sheet or vita, presents significant information about a person’s background. The résumé is most often used for employment but can also be required in other situations, such as applying for graduate school, for professional organizations, or for a loan.
As you move into the working world, you should maintain a folder of pertinent information: college transcripts, professional certificates, a list of any seminars attended or special training, letters of commendation, newspaper articles where your name is mentioned, a list of offices held in organization, letters of reference, and (for some positions) samples of your work. When you periodically update you résumé, you can draw from the materials accumulated in this file.
履历
履历指简单的个人经历，提供有关个人背景的重要信息。不仅招聘单位要求谋职者提供履历，申请研究生院，学术机构，贷款等也需要。
当你走向社会时，就要备好个人资料夹，其中包括大学成绩报告单、专业证书、出席的学术会议或专门培训证明、奖状，报刊上发表的文章、在组织团体中任职证明，介绍信、工作关系等。填写履历表时，可从积累的档案中提取必要材料。
THE PARTS OF A RESUME
Most résumés contain sections labeled Education, Experience, Personal Data and References. Other optional sections might be Skills, Employment Objective, Extracurricular Activities, Travel, Honors and Awards, Marital Status, and Organizations. If you have special or unusual qualifications which are pertinent to the kind of job you are seeking, you can create a special category.
The first section on a Résumé should feature the applicant’s strongest qualification. For most students or recent graduates, that area is Education. For people who have experience related to the job opening, the area to stress is Experience. If included, Personal Data should appear after Education and Experience sections. The last section on the resume is References. For a person presently employed who does not want it known that a job change is being considered, the statement References will be furnished on request is reasonable and understood by prospective employers. However, for the recent college graduates, a list of references should appear on the resume.
履历的内容
履历通常包括以下几项：学历、工作经历、个人简况、证明人。此外，还可以加上技能，应聘工种，兴趣爱好、受何奖励、婚姻状况，参加何学术团体等。增加的各项应穿插到有关的项目前后。如果具有与谋求的职业关系密切的独特资历，可另辟一栏。
写履历时，应设法突出自己的强项。对于大多数大学毕业生，学历是强项；有相应工作经历的人，重点放在工作经历上。个人状况位于学历和工作经历之后，证明人姓名列为最后一项。如果不愿让人知道不久前被雇佣过，现在跳槽可按要求适当填写证明人一栏，并应得到未来雇主的理解。但是，刚毕业不久的大学生应在履历中填写出证明人。
Education
The highest education level attained should be listed first with the name of the institution and the date of the degree or certification. The grade point average may be listed if it is outstanding. A list of relevant courses may appear. A very high honor or award should also be shown here.
For the person with postsecondary education, facts about high school education are usually not given. However, if the applicant feels that such information would be helpful to the prospective employer, it can be listed. For example, if a person was very active in high school organizations and groups but has not participated as widely in college because of part-time work, then he or she might well list meaningful high school data.
学历
从最后就读的学校，获取的学位或证书写起。如果学习成绩优异，可列出成绩单。还要列出所学的相关课程及受何奖励。
通常不要求填写高中部分。如果求职者认为高中学历会使未来的雇主感兴趣，亦可列出。例如，某人在高中期间参加学术团体相当活跃，而大学期间靠打工就学，那么高中阶段有用的信息可列出。
Experience
The experience emphasized should be that which is most pertinent to the job. A person should never be dishonest in discussing personal background; however, a person should think in terms of an employer’s needs and show how his or her qualifications will best fit those needs.
Experience should be listed with present job first, previous job second, and so forth in reverse chronological order. The list should show the dates of employment, the name of supervisor, and the duties performed.
If a person does not have formal work experience, activities such as volunteer work or work as a teacher’s aid should be listed.
工作经历
工作经历的重点放在与应聘工作相关的方面，但要如实填写。可以着眼于雇主的需求，突出写出满足雇主需求的资历。
工作经历按逆序时间排列，先写近期工作的经历，后写以前干过的工作。写清楚雇用时间，雇主姓名，具体工作。
没有工作经历者，可填写诸如做老师助教这类自愿的工作。
Personal Data
While it is illegal for an employer to ask about age, marital status, race, etc., it is not illegal to list such information on a resume. If a person perceives that such data may help the employment campaign, he or she should probably put it on the resume.
Information which may be listed here includes: Birth date and birthplace, height, weight, health, extracurricular activities (if these are not listed separately), hobbies, interests, sports, organizations.
个人简况
虽然雇主询问应聘人的年龄、婚姻状况、种族等是不合法的，但是，把这些写在履历就合法化了。如果应聘人察觉到这一信息有助于被聘用会乐于写上个人简况的。
个人简况包括：出生日期、出生地、身高、体重、健康状况、业余兴趣爱好、体育项目、参加何团体。
References
Unless your job search is confidential, list three references. One of these should be an educational reference; one, a work reference; and one, a character reference. Be sure to ask permission from the people whose names you list.
证明人
写出三位证明人（如果你谋职不保密的话）， 一位是学历证明人，另一位是工作经历证明人，最后一位是品行证明人。切记征得证明人的许可方可填写他们的姓名。除姓名外，还应该写证明人的职务、地址以及电话号码。
样文一
SHERRY THOMAS
School Address: Permanent Address:
Langdon Hall 819 Baylor Street
Beloit College Pacific Palisades, California 90272 Beloit, Wisconsin 53511 (213) 459-9382
EDUCATION:
BELOIT COLLEGE B.B.A. MARKETING MAJOR
Beloit, Wisconsin Graduating December, 1990
Study Focus: Marketing Research, Problems, Channels, Promotions, Buyer Behavior, Sales Management, and International Marketing. Studies included Statistics, Finance, Accounting, and Management.
INSTITUTE FOR Semester at Sea Participant
SHIPBOARD EDUCATION September – December, 1988
Integration of academic and cultural study. Visited 10 countries in the Middle East and Asia. Due to the varied and intense nature of this course work, an appreciation of different people and countries as well as increased skill in communication was developed.
Palisades High School Graduated Cum Laude, 1986
Pacific Palisades,
California
EXPERIENCE:
AMERICAN AIRLINES Campus Representative
1991 – Present Formulate and implement promotional campaigns on campus for American Airlines. Major undertakings: Created incentive marketing mail pieces, organized campus speakers, worked with national marketing organizations and influential local groups, developed strategies for maintaining visibility for American on campus, promoted good public relations on campus and in the community.
MARTHA GOUDIE, PH.D Reader/Research Assistant
Assoc. Prof. Of English Ms. Goudie is blind. Duties include reading technical and professional
Beloit College journals and assisting in research projects.
1989 – Present
U.M.S. MARKET
RESEARCH Interviewer
Beloit, Wisconsin Conducted research interviews for quantitative evaluation.
1987
HONORS AND ACTIVITIES:
Dean’s List Mu Alpha Theta (Math Honorary)
Alpha Delta Pi University Activities Travel Committee
Tech Marketing Exercise Instructor for Health Club
Association
Hobbies include racquetball, aerobics, traveling, cooking, and jogging.
REFERENCES:
Paige Lerner
Career Planning and Placement Service
Beloit College
Beloit, Wisconsin 53511
(608) 365-3391
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